diff --git a/src/backends/metal/video.rs b/src/backends/metal/video.rs
index d04f696f..bd5decd9 100644
--- a/src/backends/metal/video.rs
+++ b/src/backends/metal/video.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use {
         drm_feedback::DrmFeedback,
         edid::Descriptor,
         format::{Format, ARGB8888, XRGB8888},
-        gfx_api::{GfxApiOpt, GfxContext, GfxFramebuffer, GfxRenderPass, GfxTexture},
+        gfx_api::{BufferResv, GfxApiOpt, GfxContext, GfxFramebuffer, GfxRenderPass, GfxTexture},
         ifs::wp_presentation_feedback::{KIND_HW_COMPLETION, KIND_VSYNC},
         renderer::RenderResult,
         state::State,
@@ -350,9 +350,9 @@ pub struct DirectScanoutCache {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct DirectScanoutData {
     tex: Rc<dyn GfxTexture>,
+    _resv: Option<Rc<dyn BufferResv>>,
     fb: Rc<DrmFramebuffer>,
     dma_buf_id: DmaBufId,
-    acquired: Cell<bool>,
     position: DirectScanoutPosition,
 }
 
@@ -366,14 +366,6 @@ pub struct DirectScanoutPosition {
     pub crtc_height: i32,
 }
 
-impl Drop for DirectScanoutData {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        if self.acquired.replace(false) {
-            self.tex.reservations().release();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct PresentFb {
     fb: Rc<DrmFramebuffer>,
@@ -532,9 +524,9 @@ impl MetalConnector {
         if let Some(buffer) = cache.get(&dmabuf.id) {
             return buffer.fb.as_ref().map(|fb| DirectScanoutData {
                 tex: buffer.tex.upgrade().unwrap(),
+                _resv: ct.buffer_resv.clone(),
                 fb: fb.clone(),
                 dma_buf_id: dmabuf.id,
-                acquired: Default::default(),
                 position,
             });
         }
@@ -556,9 +548,9 @@ impl MetalConnector {
         let data = match self.dev.master.add_fb(dmabuf, Some(format.format)) {
             Ok(fb) => Some(DirectScanoutData {
                 tex: ct.tex.clone(),
+                _resv: ct.buffer_resv.clone(),
                 fb: Rc::new(fb),
                 dma_buf_id: dmabuf.id,
-                acquired: Default::default(),
                 position,
             }),
             Err(e) => {
@@ -780,10 +772,6 @@ impl MetalConnector {
             Err(())
         } else {
             if let Some(fb) = new_fb {
-                if let Some(dsd) = &fb.direct_scanout_data {
-                    dsd.tex.reservations().acquire();
-                    dsd.acquired.set(true);
-                }
                 self.next_framebuffer.set(Some(fb));
             }
             self.can_present.set(false);
diff --git a/src/cursor.rs b/src/cursor.rs
index 126923cc..c644f28e 100644
--- a/src/cursor.rs
+++ b/src/cursor.rs
@@ -378,6 +378,7 @@ fn render_img(image: &InstantiatedCursorImage, renderer: &mut Renderer, x: Fixed
             None,
             scale,
             None,
+            None,
         );
     }
 }
@@ -391,7 +392,7 @@ impl Cursor for StaticCursor {
         if let Some(img) = self.image.scales.get(&renderer.scale()) {
             renderer
                 .base
-                .render_texture(&img.tex, 0, 0, None, None, renderer.scale(), None);
+                .render_texture(&img.tex, 0, 0, None, None, renderer.scale(), None, None);
         }
     }
 
@@ -421,7 +422,7 @@ impl Cursor for AnimatedCursor {
         if let Some(img) = img.scales.get(&renderer.scale()) {
             renderer
                 .base
-                .render_texture(&img.tex, 0, 0, None, None, renderer.scale(), None);
+                .render_texture(&img.tex, 0, 0, None, None, renderer.scale(), None, None);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/gfx_api.rs b/src/gfx_api.rs
index a9f5d280..75fcf245 100644
--- a/src/gfx_api.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_api.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use {
         state::State,
         theme::Color,
         tree::{Node, OutputNode},
-        utils::{numcell::NumCell, transform_ext::TransformExt},
+        utils::{clonecell::UnsafeCellCloneSafe, transform_ext::TransformExt},
         video::{dmabuf::DmaBuf, gbm::GbmDevice, Modifier},
     },
     ahash::AHashMap,
@@ -21,9 +21,12 @@ use {
         error::Error,
         ffi::CString,
         fmt::{Debug, Formatter},
+        ops::Deref,
         rc::Rc,
+        sync::atomic::{AtomicU64, Ordering::Relaxed},
     },
     thiserror::Error,
+    uapi::OwnedFd,
 };
 
 pub enum GfxApiOpt {
@@ -141,6 +144,34 @@ pub struct CopyTexture {
     pub tex: Rc<dyn GfxTexture>,
     pub source: SampleRect,
     pub target: FramebufferRect,
+    pub buffer_resv: Option<Rc<dyn BufferResv>>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct SyncFile(pub Rc<OwnedFd>);
+
+impl Deref for SyncFile {
+    type Target = Rc<OwnedFd>;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe impl UnsafeCellCloneSafe for SyncFile {}
+
+pub trait BufferResv: Debug {
+    fn set_sync_file(&self, user: BufferResvUser, sync_file: &SyncFile);
+}
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
+pub struct BufferResvUser(u64);
+
+impl Default for BufferResvUser {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        static NEXT_ID: AtomicU64 = AtomicU64::new(1);
+        Self(NEXT_ID.fetch_add(1, Relaxed))
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
@@ -210,7 +241,7 @@ impl dyn GfxFramebuffer {
         let mut ops = self.take_render_ops();
         let scale = Scale::from_int(1);
         let mut renderer = self.renderer_base(&mut ops, scale, Transform::None);
-        renderer.render_texture(texture, x, y, None, None, scale, None);
+        renderer.render_texture(texture, x, y, None, None, scale, None, None);
         let clear = self.format().has_alpha.then_some(&Color::TRANSPARENT);
         self.render(ops, clear);
     }
@@ -376,38 +407,6 @@ pub trait GfxImage {
     fn height(&self) -> i32;
 }
 
-#[derive(Default)]
-pub struct TextureReservations {
-    reservations: NumCell<usize>,
-    on_release: Cell<Option<Box<dyn FnOnce()>>>,
-}
-
-impl TextureReservations {
-    pub fn has_reservation(&self) -> bool {
-        self.reservations.get() != 0
-    }
-
-    pub fn acquire(&self) {
-        self.reservations.fetch_add(1);
-    }
-
-    pub fn release(&self) {
-        if self.reservations.fetch_sub(1) == 1 {
-            if let Some(cb) = self.on_release.take() {
-                cb();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn on_released<C: FnOnce() + 'static>(&self, cb: C) {
-        if self.has_reservation() {
-            self.on_release.set(Some(Box::new(cb)));
-        } else {
-            cb();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 pub trait GfxTexture: Debug {
     fn size(&self) -> (i32, i32);
     fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any;
@@ -423,7 +422,6 @@ pub trait GfxTexture: Debug {
         shm: &[Cell<u8>],
     ) -> Result<(), GfxError>;
     fn dmabuf(&self) -> Option<&DmaBuf>;
-    fn reservations(&self) -> &TextureReservations;
     fn format(&self) -> &'static Format;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/context.rs b/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/context.rs
index b019e555..bba4a6b4 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/context.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/context.rs
@@ -186,7 +186,6 @@ impl GlRenderContext {
         Ok(Rc::new(Texture {
             ctx: self.clone(),
             gl,
-            resv: Default::default(),
             format,
         }))
     }
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/image.rs b/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/image.rs
index 4044206d..626d3431 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/image.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/image.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ impl Image {
         Ok(Rc::new(Texture {
             ctx: self.ctx.clone(),
             gl: GlTexture::import_img(&self.ctx.ctx, &self.gl)?,
-            resv: Default::default(),
             format: self.gl.dmabuf.format,
         }))
     }
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/texture.rs b/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/texture.rs
index efe2b029..7ef887e1 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/texture.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/gl/renderer/texture.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use {
     crate::{
         format::Format,
-        gfx_api::{GfxError, GfxTexture, TextureReservations},
+        gfx_api::{GfxError, GfxTexture},
         gfx_apis::gl::{
             gl::texture::GlTexture,
             renderer::{context::GlRenderContext, framebuffer::Framebuffer},
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ use {
 pub struct Texture {
     pub(in crate::gfx_apis::gl) ctx: Rc<GlRenderContext>,
     pub(in crate::gfx_apis::gl) gl: GlTexture,
-    pub(in crate::gfx_apis::gl) resv: TextureReservations,
     pub(in crate::gfx_apis::gl) format: &'static Format,
 }
 
@@ -79,10 +78,6 @@ impl GfxTexture for Texture {
         self.gl.img.as_ref().map(|i| &i.dmabuf)
     }
 
-    fn reservations(&self) -> &TextureReservations {
-        &self.resv
-    }
-
     fn format(&self) -> &'static Format {
         self.format
     }
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan.rs b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan.rs
index 9cf7c7b2..83d3ecd2 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan.rs
@@ -153,8 +153,6 @@ pub enum VulkanError {
     IoctlExportSyncFile(#[source] OsError),
     #[error("Could not import a sync file into a semaphore")]
     ImportSyncFile(#[source] vk::Result),
-    #[error("Could not import a sync file into a dma-buf")]
-    IoctlImportSyncFile(#[source] OsError),
     #[error("Could not export a sync file from a semaphore")]
     ExportSyncFile(#[source] vk::Result),
     #[error("Could not fetch the render node of the device")]
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/fence.rs b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/fence.rs
index defa0923..a971e173 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/fence.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/fence.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 use {
-    crate::gfx_apis::vulkan::{device::VulkanDevice, VulkanError},
+    crate::{
+        gfx_api::SyncFile,
+        gfx_apis::vulkan::{device::VulkanDevice, VulkanError},
+    },
     ash::vk::{
         ExportFenceCreateInfo, ExternalFenceHandleTypeFlags, Fence, FenceCreateInfo,
         FenceGetFdInfoKHR,
@@ -38,12 +41,12 @@ impl VulkanDevice {
 }
 
 impl VulkanFence {
-    pub fn export_syncfile(&self) -> Result<Rc<OwnedFd>, VulkanError> {
+    pub fn export_sync_file(&self) -> Result<SyncFile, VulkanError> {
         let info = FenceGetFdInfoKHR::builder()
             .fence(self.fence)
             .handle_type(ExternalFenceHandleTypeFlags::SYNC_FD);
         let res = unsafe { self.device.external_fence_fd.get_fence_fd(&info) };
         res.map_err(VulkanError::ExportSyncFile)
-            .map(|fd| Rc::new(OwnedFd::new(fd)))
+            .map(|fd| SyncFile(Rc::new(OwnedFd::new(fd))))
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/image.rs b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/image.rs
index 63f773a5..9385fb1c 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/image.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/image.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use {
     crate::{
         format::Format,
-        gfx_api::{GfxApiOpt, GfxError, GfxFramebuffer, GfxImage, GfxTexture, TextureReservations},
+        gfx_api::{GfxApiOpt, GfxError, GfxFramebuffer, GfxImage, GfxTexture},
         gfx_apis::vulkan::{
             allocator::VulkanAllocation, device::VulkanDevice, format::VulkanMaxExtents,
             renderer::VulkanRenderer, util::OnDrop, VulkanError,
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ pub struct VulkanImage {
     pub(super) is_undefined: Cell<bool>,
     pub(super) ty: VulkanImageMemory,
     pub(super) render_ops: CloneCell<Vec<GfxApiOpt>>,
-    pub(super) resv: TextureReservations,
 }
 
 pub enum VulkanImageMemory {
@@ -212,7 +211,6 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
             is_undefined: Cell::new(true),
             ty: VulkanImageMemory::Internal(shm),
             render_ops: Default::default(),
-            resv: Default::default(),
         }))
     }
 
@@ -482,7 +480,6 @@ impl VulkanDmaBufImageTemplate {
             }),
             format: self.dmabuf.format,
             is_undefined: Cell::new(true),
-            resv: Default::default(),
         }))
     }
 }
@@ -587,10 +584,6 @@ impl GfxTexture for VulkanImage {
         }
     }
 
-    fn reservations(&self) -> &TextureReservations {
-        &self.resv
-    }
-
     fn format(&self) -> &'static Format {
         self.format
     }
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/renderer.rs b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/renderer.rs
index 9948dbf7..39727560 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/renderer.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/renderer.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@ use {
     crate::{
         async_engine::SpawnedFuture,
         format::Format,
-        gfx_api::{GfxApiOpt, GfxFormat, GfxFramebuffer, GfxTexture},
+        gfx_api::{
+            BufferResv, BufferResvUser, GfxApiOpt, GfxFormat, GfxFramebuffer, GfxTexture, SyncFile,
+        },
         gfx_apis::vulkan::{
             allocator::VulkanAllocator,
             command::{VulkanCommandBuffer, VulkanCommandPool},
@@ -21,10 +23,7 @@ use {
         io_uring::IoUring,
         theme::Color,
         utils::{copyhashmap::CopyHashMap, errorfmt::ErrorFmt, numcell::NumCell, stack::Stack},
-        video::dmabuf::{
-            dma_buf_export_sync_file, dma_buf_import_sync_file, DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ,
-            DMA_BUF_SYNC_WRITE,
-        },
+        video::dmabuf::{dma_buf_export_sync_file, DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ, DMA_BUF_SYNC_WRITE},
     },
     ahash::AHashMap,
     ash::{
@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ use {
         rc::Rc,
         slice,
     },
-    uapi::OwnedFd,
 };
 
 pub struct VulkanRenderer {
@@ -66,6 +64,12 @@ pub struct VulkanRenderer {
     pub(super) pending_frames: CopyHashMap<u64, Rc<PendingFrame>>,
     pub(super) allocator: Rc<VulkanAllocator>,
     pub(super) last_point: NumCell<u64>,
+    pub(super) buffer_resv_user: BufferResvUser,
+}
+
+pub(super) struct UsedTexture {
+    tex: Rc<VulkanImage>,
+    resv: Option<Rc<dyn BufferResv>>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -73,20 +77,20 @@ pub(super) struct Memory {
     sample: Vec<Rc<VulkanImage>>,
     flush: Vec<Rc<VulkanImage>>,
     flush_staging: Vec<(Rc<VulkanImage>, VulkanStagingBuffer)>,
-    textures: Vec<Rc<VulkanImage>>,
+    textures: Vec<UsedTexture>,
     image_barriers: Vec<ImageMemoryBarrier2>,
     shm_barriers: Vec<BufferMemoryBarrier2>,
     wait_semaphores: Vec<Rc<VulkanSemaphore>>,
     wait_semaphore_infos: Vec<SemaphoreSubmitInfo>,
     release_fence: Option<Rc<VulkanFence>>,
-    release_syncfile: Option<Rc<OwnedFd>>,
+    release_sync_file: Option<SyncFile>,
 }
 
 pub(super) struct PendingFrame {
     point: u64,
     renderer: Rc<VulkanRenderer>,
     cmd: Cell<Option<Rc<VulkanCommandBuffer>>>,
-    _textures: Vec<Rc<VulkanImage>>,
+    _textures: Vec<UsedTexture>,
     _staging: Vec<(Rc<VulkanImage>, VulkanStagingBuffer)>,
     wait_semaphores: Cell<Vec<Rc<VulkanSemaphore>>>,
     waiter: Cell<Option<SpawnedFuture<()>>>,
@@ -157,6 +161,7 @@ impl VulkanDevice {
             pending_frames: Default::default(),
             allocator,
             last_point: Default::default(),
+            buffer_resv_user: Default::default(),
         }))
     }
 }
@@ -177,7 +182,10 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                memory.textures.push(tex);
+                memory.textures.push(UsedTexture {
+                    tex,
+                    resv: c.buffer_resv.clone(),
+                });
             }
         }
     }
@@ -537,7 +545,7 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
                     let fd = dma_buf_export_sync_file(&plane.fd, flag)
                         .map_err(VulkanError::IoctlExportSyncFile)?;
                     let semaphore = self.allocate_semaphore()?;
-                    semaphore.import_syncfile(fd)?;
+                    semaphore.import_sync_file(fd)?;
                     infos.push(
                         SemaphoreSubmitInfo::builder()
                             .semaphore(semaphore.semaphore)
@@ -553,7 +561,7 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
             import(
                 &mut memory.wait_semaphore_infos,
                 &mut memory.wait_semaphores,
-                texture,
+                &texture.tex,
                 DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ,
             )?;
         }
@@ -567,27 +575,25 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
     }
 
     fn import_release_semaphore(&self, fb: &VulkanImage) {
-        let memory = self.memory.borrow();
-        let syncfile = match memory.release_syncfile.as_ref() {
-            Some(syncfile) => syncfile,
+        let memory = &mut *self.memory.borrow_mut();
+        let sync_file = match memory.release_sync_file.as_ref() {
+            Some(sync_file) => sync_file,
             _ => return,
         };
-        let import = |img: &VulkanImage, flag: u32| {
-            if let VulkanImageMemory::DmaBuf(buf) = &img.ty {
-                for plane in &buf.template.dmabuf.planes {
-                    let res = dma_buf_import_sync_file(&plane.fd, flag, &syncfile)
-                        .map_err(VulkanError::IoctlImportSyncFile);
-                    if let Err(e) = res {
-                        log::error!("Could not import syncfile into dmabuf: {}", ErrorFmt(e));
-                        log::warn!("Relying on implicit sync");
-                    }
+        let import = |img: &VulkanImage, resv: Option<Rc<dyn BufferResv>>, flag: u32| {
+            if let Some(resv) = resv {
+                resv.set_sync_file(self.buffer_resv_user, sync_file);
+            } else if let VulkanImageMemory::DmaBuf(buf) = &img.ty {
+                if let Err(e) = buf.template.dmabuf.import_sync_file(flag, sync_file) {
+                    log::error!("Could not import sync file into dmabuf: {}", ErrorFmt(e));
+                    log::warn!("Relying on implicit sync");
                 }
             }
         };
-        for texture in &memory.textures {
-            import(texture, DMA_BUF_SYNC_WRITE);
+        for texture in &mut memory.textures {
+            import(&texture.tex, texture.resv.take(), DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ);
         }
-        import(fb, DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ | DMA_BUF_SYNC_WRITE);
+        import(fb, None, DMA_BUF_SYNC_WRITE);
     }
 
     fn submit(&self, buf: CommandBuffer) -> Result<(), VulkanError> {
@@ -610,15 +616,15 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
                 )
                 .map_err(VulkanError::Submit)?;
         }
-        let release_syncfile = match release_fence.export_syncfile() {
+        let release_sync_file = match release_fence.export_sync_file() {
             Ok(s) => Some(s),
             Err(e) => {
-                log::error!("Could not export syncfile from fence: {}", ErrorFmt(e));
+                log::error!("Could not export sync file from fence: {}", ErrorFmt(e));
                 None
             }
         };
         memory.release_fence = Some(release_fence);
-        memory.release_syncfile = release_syncfile;
+        memory.release_sync_file = release_sync_file;
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -650,7 +656,7 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
         });
         self.pending_frames.set(frame.point, frame.clone());
         let future = self.device.instance.eng.spawn(await_release(
-            memory.release_syncfile.take(),
+            memory.release_sync_file.take(),
             self.device.instance.ring.clone(),
             frame.clone(),
             self.clone(),
@@ -769,7 +775,7 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
                 let fd = dma_buf_export_sync_file(&plane.fd, DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ)
                     .map_err(VulkanError::IoctlExportSyncFile)?;
                 let semaphore = self.allocate_semaphore()?;
-                semaphore.import_syncfile(fd)?;
+                semaphore.import_sync_file(fd)?;
                 let semaphore_info = SemaphoreSubmitInfo::builder()
                     .semaphore(semaphore.semaphore)
                     .stage_mask(PipelineStageFlags2::TOP_OF_PIPE)
@@ -841,7 +847,7 @@ impl VulkanRenderer {
             memory.sample.clear();
             memory.wait_semaphores.clear();
             memory.release_fence.take();
-            memory.release_syncfile.take();
+            memory.release_sync_file.take();
         }
         res
     }
@@ -964,14 +970,14 @@ fn image_barrier() -> ImageMemoryBarrier2Builder<'static> {
 }
 
 async fn await_release(
-    syncfile: Option<Rc<OwnedFd>>,
+    sync_file: Option<SyncFile>,
     ring: Rc<IoUring>,
     frame: Rc<PendingFrame>,
     renderer: Rc<VulkanRenderer>,
 ) {
     let mut is_released = false;
-    if let Some(syncfile) = syncfile {
-        if let Err(e) = ring.readable(&syncfile).await {
+    if let Some(sync_file) = sync_file {
+        if let Err(e) = ring.readable(&sync_file).await {
             log::error!(
                 "Could not wait for release semaphore to be signaled: {}",
                 ErrorFmt(e)
diff --git a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/semaphore.rs b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/semaphore.rs
index 1d7b3f3c..e9b03681 100644
--- a/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/semaphore.rs
+++ b/src/gfx_apis/vulkan/semaphore.rs
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ impl VulkanDevice {
 }
 
 impl VulkanSemaphore {
-    pub fn import_syncfile(&self, syncfile: OwnedFd) -> Result<(), VulkanError> {
+    pub fn import_sync_file(&self, sync_file: OwnedFd) -> Result<(), VulkanError> {
         let fd_info = ImportSemaphoreFdInfoKHR::builder()
-            .fd(syncfile.raw())
+            .fd(sync_file.raw())
             .flags(SemaphoreImportFlags::TEMPORARY)
             .handle_type(ExternalSemaphoreHandleTypeFlags::SYNC_FD)
             .semaphore(self.semaphore);
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ impl VulkanSemaphore {
                 .external_semaphore_fd
                 .import_semaphore_fd(&fd_info)
         };
-        mem::forget(syncfile);
+        mem::forget(sync_file);
         res.map_err(VulkanError::ImportSyncFile)?;
         Ok(())
     }
diff --git a/src/ifs/wl_buffer.rs b/src/ifs/wl_buffer.rs
index 60c347a2..1e5a742f 100644
--- a/src/ifs/wl_buffer.rs
+++ b/src/ifs/wl_buffer.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ pub struct WlBuffer {
     pub client: Rc<Client>,
     pub rect: Rect,
     pub format: &'static Format,
-    dmabuf: Option<DmaBuf>,
+    pub dmabuf: Option<DmaBuf>,
     render_ctx_version: Cell<u32>,
     pub storage: RefCell<Option<WlBufferStorage>>,
     pub color: Option<Color>,
diff --git a/src/ifs/wl_surface.rs b/src/ifs/wl_surface.rs
index c25b2870..e003ff2c 100644
--- a/src/ifs/wl_surface.rs
+++ b/src/ifs/wl_surface.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use {
         client::{Client, ClientError, RequestParser},
         drm_feedback::DrmFeedback,
         fixed::Fixed,
-        gfx_api::SampleRect,
+        gfx_api::{BufferResv, BufferResvUser, SampleRect, SyncFile},
         ifs::{
             wl_buffer::WlBuffer,
             wl_callback::WlCallback,
@@ -51,11 +51,13 @@ use {
             cell_ext::CellExt,
             clonecell::CloneCell,
             copyhashmap::CopyHashMap,
+            errorfmt::ErrorFmt,
             linkedlist::LinkedList,
             numcell::NumCell,
             smallmap::SmallMap,
             transform_ext::TransformExt,
         },
+        video::dmabuf::DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ,
         wire::{
             wl_surface::*, WlOutputId, WlSurfaceId, ZwpIdleInhibitorV1Id,
             ZwpLinuxDmabufFeedbackV1Id,
@@ -131,6 +133,39 @@ impl NodeVisitorBase for SurfaceSendPreferredTransformVisitor {
     }
 }
 
+pub struct SurfaceBuffer {
+    pub buffer: Rc<WlBuffer>,
+    sync_files: SmallMap<BufferResvUser, SyncFile, 1>,
+}
+
+impl Drop for SurfaceBuffer {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let sync_files = self.sync_files.take();
+        if let Some(dmabuf) = &self.buffer.dmabuf {
+            for (_, sync_file) in &sync_files {
+                if let Err(e) = dmabuf.import_sync_file(DMA_BUF_SYNC_READ, sync_file) {
+                    log::error!("Could not import sync file: {}", ErrorFmt(e));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.buffer.destroyed() {
+            self.buffer.send_release();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Debug for SurfaceBuffer {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("SurfaceBuffer").finish_non_exhaustive()
+    }
+}
+
+impl BufferResv for SurfaceBuffer {
+    fn set_sync_file(&self, user: BufferResvUser, sync_file: &SyncFile) {
+        self.sync_files.insert(user, sync_file.clone());
+    }
+}
+
 pub struct WlSurface {
     pub id: WlSurfaceId,
     pub node_id: SurfaceNodeId,
@@ -149,7 +184,7 @@ pub struct WlSurface {
     pub extents: Cell<Rect>,
     pub buffer_abs_pos: Cell<Rect>,
     pub need_extents_update: Cell<bool>,
-    pub buffer: CloneCell<Option<Rc<WlBuffer>>>,
+    pub buffer: CloneCell<Option<Rc<SurfaceBuffer>>>,
     pub buf_x: NumCell<i32>,
     pub buf_y: NumCell<i32>,
     pub children: RefCell<Option<Box<ParentData>>>,
@@ -683,11 +718,7 @@ impl WlSurface {
             }
             *children = None;
         }
-        if let Some(buffer) = self.buffer.set(None) {
-            if !buffer.destroyed() {
-                buffer.send_release();
-            }
-        }
+        self.buffer.set(None);
         if let Some(xwayland_serial) = self.xwayland_serial.get() {
             self.client
                 .surfaces_by_xwayland_serial
@@ -799,30 +830,15 @@ impl WlSurface {
         if let Some(buffer_change) = pending.buffer.take() {
             buffer_changed = true;
             if let Some(buffer) = self.buffer.take() {
-                old_raw_size = Some(buffer.rect);
-                if !buffer.destroyed() {
-                    'handle_release: {
-                        if let Some(tex) = buffer.texture.get() {
-                            let resv = tex.reservations();
-                            if resv.has_reservation() {
-                                let buffer = Rc::downgrade(&buffer);
-                                resv.on_released(move || {
-                                    if let Some(buffer) = buffer.upgrade() {
-                                        if !buffer.destroyed() {
-                                            buffer.send_release();
-                                        }
-                                    }
-                                });
-                                break 'handle_release;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        buffer.send_release();
-                    }
-                }
+                old_raw_size = Some(buffer.buffer.rect);
             }
             if let Some(buffer) = buffer_change {
                 buffer.update_texture_or_log();
-                self.buffer.set(Some(buffer));
+                let surface_buffer = SurfaceBuffer {
+                    buffer,
+                    sync_files: Default::default(),
+                };
+                self.buffer.set(Some(Rc::new(surface_buffer)));
                 self.buf_x.fetch_add(dx);
                 self.buf_y.fetch_add(dy);
                 if (dx, dy) != (0, 0) {
@@ -872,8 +888,10 @@ impl WlSurface {
             }
             if let Some(buffer) = self.buffer.get() {
                 if new_size.is_none() {
-                    let (mut width, mut height) =
-                        self.buffer_transform.get().maybe_swap(buffer.rect.size());
+                    let (mut width, mut height) = self
+                        .buffer_transform
+                        .get()
+                        .maybe_swap(buffer.buffer.rect.size());
                     let scale = self.buffer_scale.get();
                     if scale != 1 {
                         width = (width + scale - 1) / scale;
@@ -881,12 +899,14 @@ impl WlSurface {
                     }
                     new_size = Some((width, height));
                 }
-                if transform_changed || Some(buffer.rect) != old_raw_size {
+                if transform_changed || Some(buffer.buffer.rect) != old_raw_size {
                     let (x1, y1, x2, y2) = if self.src_rect.is_none() {
                         (0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0)
                     } else {
-                        let (width, height) =
-                            self.buffer_transform.get().maybe_swap(buffer.rect.size());
+                        let (width, height) = self
+                            .buffer_transform
+                            .get()
+                            .maybe_swap(buffer.buffer.rect.size());
                         let width = width as f32;
                         let height = height as f32;
                         let x1 = buffer_points.x1 / width;
diff --git a/src/ifs/wl_surface/zwlr_layer_surface_v1.rs b/src/ifs/wl_surface/zwlr_layer_surface_v1.rs
index edd0185b..9e6c87e9 100644
--- a/src/ifs/wl_surface/zwlr_layer_surface_v1.rs
+++ b/src/ifs/wl_surface/zwlr_layer_surface_v1.rs
@@ -350,9 +350,9 @@ impl SurfaceExt for ZwlrLayerSurfaceV1 {
     }
 
     fn after_apply_commit(self: Rc<Self>, _pending: &mut PendingState) {
-        let buffer = self.surface.buffer.get();
+        let buffer_is_some = self.surface.buffer.is_some();
         if self.mapped.get() {
-            if buffer.is_none() {
+            if !buffer_is_some {
                 self.destroy_node();
             } else {
                 let pos = self.pos.get();
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ impl SurfaceExt for ZwlrLayerSurfaceV1 {
                     self.compute_position();
                 }
             }
-        } else if buffer.is_some() {
+        } else if buffer_is_some {
             let layer = &self.output.layers[self.layer.get() as usize];
             self.link.set(Some(layer.add_last(self.clone())));
             self.mapped.set(true);
diff --git a/src/ifs/xdg_toplevel_drag_v1.rs b/src/ifs/xdg_toplevel_drag_v1.rs
index 083c51fd..beadf987 100644
--- a/src/ifs/xdg_toplevel_drag_v1.rs
+++ b/src/ifs/xdg_toplevel_drag_v1.rs
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ impl XdgToplevelDragV1 {
             return Err(XdgToplevelDragV1Error::AlreadyDragged);
         }
         if let Some(prev) = self.toplevel.set(Some(toplevel)) {
-            if prev.xdg.surface.buffer.get().is_some() {
+            if prev.xdg.surface.buffer.is_some() {
                 return Err(XdgToplevelDragV1Error::ToplevelAttached);
             }
             if prev.id != req.toplevel {
diff --git a/src/portal/ptr_gui.rs b/src/portal/ptr_gui.rs
index 5fbb3793..28190beb 100644
--- a/src/portal/ptr_gui.rs
+++ b/src/portal/ptr_gui.rs
@@ -222,6 +222,7 @@ impl GuiElement for Button {
                 None,
                 r.scale(),
                 None,
+                None,
             );
         }
     }
@@ -323,6 +324,7 @@ impl GuiElement for Label {
                 None,
                 r.scale(),
                 None,
+                None,
             );
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/renderer.rs b/src/renderer.rs
index e9999c21..8fe6eeee 100644
--- a/src/renderer.rs
+++ b/src/renderer.rs
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ use {
     crate::{
         gfx_api::{GfxApiOpt, SampleRect},
         ifs::{
-            wl_buffer::WlBuffer,
             wl_callback::WlCallback,
             wl_surface::{
-                xdg_surface::XdgSurface, zwlr_layer_surface_v1::ZwlrLayerSurfaceV1, WlSurface,
+                xdg_surface::XdgSurface, zwlr_layer_surface_v1::ZwlrLayerSurfaceV1, SurfaceBuffer,
+                WlSurface,
             },
             wp_presentation_feedback::WpPresentationFeedback,
         },
@@ -152,12 +152,12 @@ impl Renderer<'_> {
             for title in &rd.titles {
                 let (x, y) = self.base.scale_point(x + title.tex_x, y + title.tex_y);
                 self.base
-                    .render_texture(&title.tex, x, y, None, None, scale, None);
+                    .render_texture(&title.tex, x, y, None, None, scale, None, None);
             }
             if let Some(status) = &rd.status {
                 let (x, y) = self.base.scale_point(x + status.tex_x, y + status.tex_y);
                 self.base
-                    .render_texture(&status.tex.texture, x, y, None, None, scale, None);
+                    .render_texture(&status.tex.texture, x, y, None, None, scale, None, None);
             }
         }
         if let Some(ws) = output.workspace.get() {
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ impl Renderer<'_> {
             let x = x + (pos.width() - tex_width) / 2;
             let y = y + (pos.height() - tex_height) / 2;
             self.base
-                .render_texture(&tex.texture, x, y, None, None, self.base.scale, None);
+                .render_texture(&tex.texture, x, y, None, None, self.base.scale, None, None);
         }
     }
 
@@ -231,6 +231,7 @@ impl Renderer<'_> {
                         None,
                         self.base.scale,
                         None,
+                        None,
                     );
                 }
             }
@@ -345,14 +346,14 @@ impl Renderer<'_> {
 
     pub fn render_buffer(
         &mut self,
-        buffer: &WlBuffer,
+        buffer: &Rc<SurfaceBuffer>,
         x: i32,
         y: i32,
         tpoints: SampleRect,
         tsize: (i32, i32),
         bounds: Option<&Rect>,
     ) {
-        if let Some(tex) = buffer.texture.get() {
+        if let Some(tex) = buffer.buffer.texture.get() {
             self.base.render_texture(
                 &tex,
                 x,
@@ -361,8 +362,9 @@ impl Renderer<'_> {
                 Some(tsize),
                 self.base.scale,
                 bounds,
+                Some(buffer.clone()),
             );
-        } else if let Some(color) = &buffer.color {
+        } else if let Some(color) = &buffer.buffer.color {
             if let Some(rect) = Rect::new_sized(x, y, tsize.0, tsize.1) {
                 let rect = match bounds {
                     None => rect,
@@ -409,8 +411,16 @@ impl Renderer<'_> {
         self.base.fill_boxes(&title_underline, &uc);
         if let Some(title) = floating.title_textures.get(&self.base.scale) {
             let (x, y) = self.base.scale_point(x + bw, y + bw);
-            self.base
-                .render_texture(&title.texture, x, y, None, None, self.base.scale, None);
+            self.base.render_texture(
+                &title.texture,
+                x,
+                y,
+                None,
+                None,
+                self.base.scale,
+                None,
+                None,
+            );
         }
         let body = Rect::new_sized(
             x + bw,
diff --git a/src/renderer/renderer_base.rs b/src/renderer/renderer_base.rs
index 9d935d3b..ca9c622b 100644
--- a/src/renderer/renderer_base.rs
+++ b/src/renderer/renderer_base.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 use {
     crate::{
-        gfx_api::{CopyTexture, FillRect, FramebufferRect, GfxApiOpt, GfxTexture, SampleRect},
+        gfx_api::{
+            BufferResv, CopyTexture, FillRect, FramebufferRect, GfxApiOpt, GfxTexture, SampleRect,
+        },
         rect::Rect,
         scale::Scale,
         theme::Color,
@@ -130,6 +132,7 @@ impl RendererBase<'_> {
         tsize: Option<(i32, i32)>,
         tscale: Scale,
         bounds: Option<&Rect>,
+        buffer_resv: Option<Rc<dyn BufferResv>>,
     ) {
         let mut texcoord = tpoints.unwrap_or_else(SampleRect::identity);
 
@@ -154,18 +157,21 @@ impl RendererBase<'_> {
             }
         }
 
+        let target = FramebufferRect::new(
+            target_x[0] as f32,
+            target_y[0] as f32,
+            target_x[1] as f32,
+            target_y[1] as f32,
+            self.transform,
+            self.fb_width,
+            self.fb_height,
+        );
+
         self.ops.push(GfxApiOpt::CopyTexture(CopyTexture {
             tex: texture.clone(),
             source: texcoord,
-            target: FramebufferRect::new(
-                target_x[0] as f32,
-                target_y[0] as f32,
-                target_x[1] as f32,
-                target_y[1] as f32,
-                self.transform,
-                self.fb_width,
-                self.fb_height,
-            ),
+            target,
+            buffer_resv,
         }));
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/state.rs b/src/state.rs
index a1d3ebc2..78849dfe 100644
--- a/src/state.rs
+++ b/src/state.rs
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ impl State {
                 }
                 fn visit_surface(&mut self, node: &Rc<WlSurface>) {
                     if let Some(buffer) = node.buffer.get() {
-                        buffer.handle_gfx_context_change();
+                        buffer.buffer.handle_gfx_context_change();
                     }
                     node.node_visit_children(self);
                 }
@@ -814,6 +814,7 @@ impl State {
             size,
             Scale::from_int(1),
             None,
+            None,
         );
         if render_hardware_cursors {
             for seat in self.globals.lock_seats().values() {
diff --git a/src/video/dmabuf.rs b/src/video/dmabuf.rs
index c217bfba..4ef66a96 100644
--- a/src/video/dmabuf.rs
+++ b/src/video/dmabuf.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,13 @@ impl DmaBuf {
         }
         false
     }
+
+    pub fn import_sync_file(&self, flags: u32, sync_file: &OwnedFd) -> Result<(), OsError> {
+        for plane in &self.planes {
+            dma_buf_import_sync_file(&plane.fd, flags, sync_file)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
 
 const DMA_BUF_BASE: u64 = b'b' as _;